源码解析:dialog, popupwindow, 和activity 的第一个view是怎么来的?
问题
在慢慢熟悉android 的过程中,发现一个view 或者layout的初始化,或者构造的流程还是比较清楚的,也就是加到父控件中,然后就开始了对应的生命周期。但是整个界面的父控件,或者说系统的第一个view, 是怎么来的,如何初始化和绘制的呢?
概述
概述:带着困扰我的问题,在前文的基础上,继续分析应用界面和framework的关系,通过分析viewrootimpl 的来源,并结合dialog, popupwindow, 和activity 的 根view的创建流程,回答了问题界面的根view 或者第一个view 是如何初始化,并加入到framework 中的。
分析viewrootimpl 的来源
本文分析是接上篇《源码分析:LayoutParams的wrap_content, match_parent, 和具体值》,在上文中简要分析了windowmanager中对界面的处理。
使用各种搜索方法,可以看到,全部android代码中只有一处引用ViewRootImpl 这个类,那就是
android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(View, LayoutParams, CompatibilityInfoHolder, boolean)
通过分析代码可以看到,windowmanager在addview() 的过程中,为了管理添加进来的view,使用了三个数组
private View[] mViews; private ViewRootImpl[] mRoots; private WindowManager.LayoutParams[] mParams;在代码处理中,通过view 的context 来构造一个对应的ViewRootImpl ,然后把view, rootViewImpl, 和layoutParams 三个变量,存到数组中。并在最后,setView。
root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext()); root.mAddNesting = 1; if (cih == null) { root.mCompatibilityInfo = new CompatibilityInfoHolder(); } else { root.mCompatibilityInfo = cih; } view.setLayoutParams(wparams); if (mViews == null) { index = 1; mViews = new View[1]; mRoots = new ViewRootImpl[1]; mParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams[1]; } else { index = mViews.length + 1; Object[] old = mViews; mViews = new View[index]; System.arraycopy(old, 0, mViews, 0, index-1); old = mRoots; mRoots = new ViewRootImpl[index]; System.arraycopy(old, 0, mRoots, 0, index-1); old = mParams; mParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams[index]; System.arraycopy(old, 0, mParams, 0, index-1); } index--; mViews[index] = view; mRoots[index] = root; mParams[index] = wparams;
// do this last because it fires off messages to start doing things root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);在setview中,就是前文measure 过程中提出的问题, view是哪里来的-参见-《尽量理解xml 中LayoutParams的wrap_content, match_parent, 和具体值》
好,现在知道了,rootview ,最终处理的view就是就是从windowmanager 中add进来的。那么顺藤摸瓜,看看到底哪里调用了WindowManagerImpl.addView()
ViewRootImpl(Context) - android.view.ViewRootImpl addView(View, LayoutParams, CompatibilityInfoHolder, boolean) : void - android.view.WindowManagerImpl addView(View, LayoutParams, CompatibilityInfoHolder) : void - android.view.WindowManagerImpl addView(View, LayoutParams) : void - android.view.WindowManagerImpl addIntruderView() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.PhoneStatusBar addNavigationBar() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.PhoneStatusBar addPanelWindows() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.tablet.TabletStatusBar (5 matches) addStartingWindow(IBinder, String, int, CompatibilityInfo, CharSequence, int, int, int) : View - com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindowManager addView(View) : void - android.view.WindowManagerImpl advance() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.tablet.TabletTicker handleResumeActivity(IBinder, boolean, boolean) : void - android.app.ActivityThread handleShow() : void - android.widget.Toast.TN invokePopup(LayoutParams) : void - android.widget.PopupWindow makeVisible() : void - android.app.Activity onBarViewAttached() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.PhoneStatusBar onCreate() : void - com.android.systemui.LoadAverageService openPanel(PanelFeatureState, KeyEvent) : void - com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow setVisible(boolean) : void - android.widget.ZoomButtonsController show() : void - android.app.Dialog show() : void - com.android.internal.policy.impl.KeyguardViewManager show(int) : void - android.widget.MediaController showCompatibilityHelp() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.tablet.TabletStatusBar showSafeModeOverlay() : void - com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerService start() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.StatusBar startAnimation(Runnable, int, int, boolean, boolean) : void - com.android.systemui.screenshot.GlobalScreenshot updateRecentsPanel() : void - com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.PhoneStatusBar updateSettings() : void - com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindowManager通过查看调用,可以看到很多地方都有调用。大概过一下,就能发现很多熟悉的东西,比如PhoneStatusBar,ActivityThread,PhoneWindow,PopupWindow,Activity,Toast,Dialog 等等。那这里感觉就比较明显了,这些熟悉的控件和类,就是通过windowmanager ,来把自己的view和界面加到系统中了。
分析Dialog 是如何加入到windowmanager 的
柿子先捡软的捏, 挑个简单的先。看下show() : void - android.app.Dialog
这不就是经常调用的大名鼎鼎的show() 嘛。 dialog写完最后调用的show() 方法,没错就是它。从这个控件来看确实就是这样通过windowmanager, show 一个dialog,就是windowmanager.addview一下啦。 那么addview的时候,自然就应该是dialog的根view,父控件喽。查看一下代码验证一下我们的猜测。
/** * Start the dialog and display it on screen. The window is placed in the * application layer and opaque. Note that you should not override this * method to do initialization when the dialog is shown, instead implement * that in {@link #onStart}. */ public void show() { if (mShowing) { if (mDecor != null) { if (mWindow.hasFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) { mWindow.invalidatePanelMenu(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR); } mDecor.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } return; } mCanceled = false; if (!mCreated) { dispatchOnCreate(null); } onStart(); mDecor = mWindow.getDecorView(); if (mActionBar == null && mWindow.hasFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) { mActionBar = new ActionBarImpl(this); } WindowManager.LayoutParams l = mWindow.getAttributes(); if ((l.softInputMode & WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION) == 0) { WindowManager.LayoutParams nl = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(); nl.copyFrom(l); nl.softInputMode |= WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION; l = nl; } try { mWindowManager.addView(mDecor, l); mShowing = true; sendShowMessage(); } finally { } }被add进 windowmanager中的是这个mDecor, 来自mWindow.getDecorView();
/** * Retrieve the top-level window decor view (containing the standard * window frame/decorations and the client's content inside of that), which * can be added as a window to the window manager. * * <p><em>Note that calling this function for the first time "locks in" * various window characteristics as described in * {@link #setContentView(View, android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams)}.</em></p> * * @return Returns the top-level window decor view. */ public abstract View getDecorView();从注释中的描述,确实是 top-level window decor view。 印证了前面的猜测。
接下来看下这个mDecor到底是什么。
找到具体的实现com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.getDecorView()
@Override public final View getDecorView() { if (mDecor == null) { installDecor(); } return mDecor; }调用了installDecor()
private void installDecor() { if (mDecor == null) { mDecor = generateDecor(); mDecor.setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS); mDecor.setIsRootNamespace(true); } <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//...... }继续generateDecor();
protected DecorView generateDecor() { return new DecorView(getContext(), -1); }
public DecorView(Context context, int featureId) { super(context); mFeatureId = featureId; }
/** The feature ID of the panel, or -1 if this is the application's DecorView */ private final int mFeatureId;
private final class DecorView extends FrameLayout implements RootViewSurfaceTaker最后,从类定义中看到,DecorView 是一个 FrameLayout 并实现了RootViewSurfaceTaker
所以,回顾一下,这个 top-level window decor view,被add 进windowmanager 中的就是一个framelayout。
这点通过 hierarchyviewer 分析 UI 时得到印证。
如何使用,请移步官方文档《Using Hierarchy Viewer》,已经有很多人写了中文文档,不再赘述。
好了,到这里知道了系统dialog 中对应的 顶层 view 是一个framelayout, 对应到framework中 viewrootimpl 中的rootview。
同理,PopupWindow 是怎么干的
然后举一反三,看下PopupWindow 是怎么搞的。
invokePopup(LayoutParams) : void - android.widget.PopupWindow showAsDropDown(View, int, int) : void - android.widget.PopupWindow showAtLocation(IBinder, int, int, int) : void - android.widget.PopupWindow这个接口showAsDropDown就是PopupWindow 的api嘛,
这里简单的列出关键代码,就不一一分析了。
mWindowManager.addView(mPopupView, p);
if (mBackground != null) { final ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = mContentView.getLayoutParams(); int height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT; if (layoutParams != null && layoutParams.height == ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT; } // when a background is available, we embed the content view // within another view that owns the background drawable PopupViewContainer popupViewContainer = new PopupViewContainer(mContext); PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams listParams = new PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, height ); popupViewContainer.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground); popupViewContainer.addView(mContentView, listParams); mPopupView = popupViewContainer; } else { mPopupView = mContentView;
public void setContentView(View contentView) { if (isShowing()) { return; } mContentView = contentView; if (mContext == null && mContentView != null) { mContext = mContentView.getContext(); } if (mWindowManager == null && mContentView != null) { mWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE); } }所以PopupWindow 是把setContentView 的view 加入到了windowmanager 中。
接下来是activity
那最常用的activity 中又是怎样的呢?
void makeVisible() { if (!mWindowAdded) { ViewManager wm = getWindowManager(); wm.addView(mDecor, getWindow().getAttributes()); mWindowAdded = true; } mDecor.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); }这里的mDecor 就不像前面的dialog 和popupWindow 中那么容易分析了。
首先扫了一下activity 这个类,发现没有赋值语句, 查看一下基类,也没有。最后查看所有mDecor 的调用。
mDecor - android.app.Activity dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent) : boolean - android.app.Activity handleDestroyActivity(IBinder, boolean, int, boolean) : void - android.app.ActivityThread (2 matches) handleResumeActivity(IBinder, boolean, boolean) : void - android.app.ActivityThread (2 matches) handleSendResult(ResultData) : void - android.app.ActivityThread handleWindowVisibility(IBinder, boolean) : void - android.app.ActivityThread makeVisible() : void - android.app.Activity (2 matches) onWindowAttributesChanged(LayoutParams) : void - android.app.Activity setVisible(boolean) : void - android.app.Activity updateVisibility(ActivityClientRecord, boolean) : void - android.app.ActivityThread
逐个查看,最后仅在handleResumeActivity() : void - android.app.ActivityThread 中 找到相关赋值。
final void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token, boolean clearHide, boolean isForward) { // If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well // we are back active so skip it. unscheduleGcIdler(); ActivityClientRecord r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide); if (r != null) { final Activity a = r.activity; if (localLOGV) Slog.v( TAG, "Resume " + r + " started activity: " + a.mStartedActivity + ", hideForNow: " + r.hideForNow + ", finished: " + a.mFinished); final int forwardBit = isForward ? WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION : 0; // If the window hasn't yet been added to the window manager, // and this guy didn't finish itself or start another activity, // then go ahead and add the window. boolean willBeVisible = !a.mStartedActivity; if (!willBeVisible) { try { willBeVisible = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().willActivityBeVisible( a.getActivityToken()); } catch (RemoteException e) { } } if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) { r.window = r.activity.getWindow(); <span style="color:#ff0000;">View decor = r.window.getDecorView();</span> decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager(); WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes(); <span style="color:#ff0000;">a.mDecor = decor;</span> l.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION; l.softInputMode |= forwardBit; if (a.mVisibleFromClient) { a.mWindowAdded = true; wm.addView(decor, l); }
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//...... }这里代码涉及较多内容,集中注意力,看decorView ,注意到decor = r.window.getDecorView();。
而ActivityClientRecord r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide);
也就是说是具体resume 的activity 的 window 的decorView()。
通过前面dialog 部分的分析,我们知道使用phoneWindow 的话,那就是framelayout 的那个 decorView。而目前还没有其他类型的window,这从window的继承关系可以看出。
在这里我们看到,activity 在resume的时候,通过判断是否要visible ,来把activity 的window 的decorView 加到windowmanager中,那么在activity的生命周期就应该在对应的状态中从windowmanager中移除该decorView。
在前面mDecor 的调用中,确实发现了在android.app.ActivityThread.handleDestroyActivity(IBinder, boolean, int, boolean),中。
private void handleDestroyActivity(IBinder token, boolean finishing, int configChanges, boolean getNonConfigInstance) { ActivityClientRecord r = performDestroyActivity(token, finishing, configChanges, getNonConfigInstance); if (r != null) { cleanUpPendingRemoveWindows(r); WindowManager wm = r.activity.getWindowManager(); <span style="color:#ff0000;">View v = r.activity.mDecor;</span> if (v != null) { if (r.activity.mVisibleFromServer) { mNumVisibleActivities--; } IBinder wtoken = v.getWindowToken(); if (r.activity.mWindowAdded) { if (r.onlyLocalRequest) { // Hold off on removing this until the new activity's // window is being added. r.mPendingRemoveWindow = v; r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = wm; } else { <span style="color:#ff0000;"> wm.removeViewImmediate(v);</span> } }
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>}
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//...... }至此,通过看了dialog, popupwindow, 和activity 中的部分源码, 知道了普通界面(dialog, popupwindow, 和activity )的第一个view, 是怎么来的,是如何加入到系统中的,也就是windowManager。
一句话结论
应用层面的界面都是通过windowmanager 加入到framework 中的,ViewRootImpl 是framework对view 的抽象, 界面管理的根节点。留的尾巴
弄清楚第一个的问题后,接下来争取比较完整地回顾一下view 的创建,绘制,layout过程。to be continued...
在分析过程中,简单的接触到了framework中处理activity的部分流程,handleResumeActivity(),handleDestroyActivity()。另一个问题就是系统framework 是如何管理activity的生命周期的。//TODO
在分析过程中,简单的接触到了framework中处理activity的部分流程,handleResumeActivity(),handleDestroyActivity()。另一个问题就是系统framework 是如何管理activity的生命周期的。//TODO
源码解析:dialog, popupwindow, 和activity 的第一个view是怎么来的?,布布扣,bubuko.com