继承派生产生的切割问题
时间:2014-04-28 09:04:54
收藏:0
阅读:690
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 using namespace std; 4 class people 5 { 6 public: 7 string name; 8 int age; 9 virtual void print(); 10 }; 11 12 class teacher:public people 13 { 14 public: 15 int wage; 16 virtual void print(); 17 18 }; 19 20 void main() 21 { 22 people p1; 23 teacher t1; 24 t1.name="lili"; 25 t1.age=31; 26 t1.wage=4200; 27 p1=t1; 28 p1.print(); 29 cout<<endl<<endl; 30 t1.print(); 31 32 } 33 void people::print() 34 { 35 cout<<name<<endl; 36 cout<<age<<endl; 37 } 38 void teacher::print() 39 { 40 cout<<name<<endl; 41 cout<<age<<endl; 42 cout<<wage<<endl; 43 44 }
派生类对象赋给基类对象合法,但派生类对象有、基类没有的数据成员(成员函数)在赋值过程中会丢失,即产生切割问题。
改为:
1 void main() 2 { 3 people *pp1; 4 teacher *pt1; 5 pt1=new teacher; 6 pt1->name="lili"; 7 pt1->age=31; 8 pt1->wage=4200; 9 pp1=pt1; 10 pt1->print(); 11 cout<<endl<<endl; 12 pp1->print(); 13 14 }
数据成员没有丢失,但必须注意必须使用虚函数访问。基类people将print()声明为virtual,,所以一旦编译器看到以下调用就会检查people和teacher的virtual表,判断pp1是指向pt1类型的对象:pp1->print(),因此就会使用以下函数代码:teacher::print(),而不会去使用people::print() 的代码
评论(0)