linux 挂载硬盘和自动挂载
①挂载:
插入硬盘前:fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track,
2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector
size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal):
512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000196c4
Device Boot
Start
End Blocks Id
System
/dev/sda1
*
1
39 307200 83 Linux
Partition
1 does not end on cylinder
boundary.
/dev/sda2
39 2093
16501760 83
Linux
/dev/sda3
2093 2611
4161536 82 Linux swap / Solaris
插入硬盘后:fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track,
2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector
size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal):
512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000196c4
Device Boot
Start
End Blocks Id
System
/dev/sda1
*
1
39 307200 83 Linux
Partition
1 does not end on cylinder
boundary.
/dev/sda2
39 2093
16501760 83
Linux
/dev/sda3
2093 2611
4161536 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648
bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders
of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /
512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk
identifier: 0x84ea92ab
Device Boot
Start
End Blocks Id
System
/dev/sdb1
1 261
2096451 5 Extended
增加了一个/dev/sdb: 2147MB.....
创建挂载点:mkdir /mnt/sdb1
挂载sdb:mount /dev/sdb
/mnt/sdb1
查看是否挂载成功:df -h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted
on
/dev/sda2
16G 2.2G 13G 15%
/
tmpfs
1012M 112K 1012M 1%
/dev/shm
/dev/sda1
291M 29M 248M 11% /boot
/dev/sdb
2.0G 68M 1.9G 4%
/mnt/sdb1
最后出现了sdb,则挂载成功;
②自动挂载
获取root权限
vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Apr 23 13:11:23
2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under
‘/dev/disk‘
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for
more info
#
UUID=2223d149-2c01-4da9-9a63-b309333d0412
/
ext4 defaults 1
1
UUID=56aa6450-c74a-4611-9d3e-648222a5ae3b
/boot
ext4 defaults 1
2
UUID=97acb599-022e-4d38-8605-297d564f5fa3
swap
swap defaults 0
0
tmpfs
/dev/shm
tmpfs defaults 0
0
devpts
/dev/pts
devpts gid=5,mode=620 0
0
sysfs
/sys
sysfs defaults 0
0
proc
/proc
proc defaults 0 0
在最后一行加入:/dev/sdb /mnt/sdb1
ext4 defaults 0 0
注:第一列为设备号或该设备的卷标
第二列为挂载点
第三列为文件系统
第四列为文件系统参数
第五列为是否可以用demp命令备份。0:不备份,1:备份,2:备份,但比1重要性小。设置了该参数后,Linux中使用dump命令备份系统的时候就可以备份相应设置的挂载点了。
第六列为是否在系统启动的时候,用fsck检验分区。因为有些挂载点是不需要检验的,比如:虚拟内存swap、/proc等。0:不检验,1:要检验,2要检验,但比1晚检验,一般根目录设置为1,其他设置为2就可以了
reboot
查看是否自动挂载成功:df
-h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted
on
/dev/sda2
16G 2.2G 13G 15%
/
tmpfs
1012M 112K 1012M 1%
/dev/shm
/dev/sda1
291M 29M 248M 11% /boot
/dev/sdb
2.0G 68M 1.9G 4%
/mnt/sdb1
最后出现了sdb,则挂载成功。