nginx常见应用技术

yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools" "Development Libraries"
yum -y install pcre-devel
yum install openssl-devel #要开启SSL模块就必须要装这个包

新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx，内容如下：
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
./etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
["$NETWORKING"="no"]&& exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbini/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[-f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ]&&./etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs(){
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed ‘s/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g‘ -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep ‘configure arguments:‘`
for opt in $options;do
if[`echo $opt | grep ‘.*-temp-path‘`];then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if[!-d "$value"];then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start(){
[-x $nginx ]|| exit 5
[-f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ]|| exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0]&& touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop(){
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0]&& rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart(){
configtest ||return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload(){
configtest ||return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload(){
restart
}
configtest(){
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status(){
status $prog
}
rh_status_q(){
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case"$1"in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac

[root@null ~]# mkdir -pv .vim/syntax 新建文件夹
mkdir: created directory `.vim‘
mkdir: created directory `.vim/syntax‘
[root@null ~]# cd .vim/syntax/
[root@null syntax]# mv ~/nginx.vim .
[root@null syntax]# vim nginx.vim 新建文件
au BufRead,BufNewFile /etc/nginx/*,/usr/local/nginx/conf/* if &ft == ‘‘ | setfiletype nginx | endif 插入以下文件
[root@null syntax]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 现在打开文件就有颜色了

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf                                     # 打开配置文件
#user nobody;                                                 # 使用的用户和组,编译时已经指定,所以注释掉了
worker_processes 1;                                           # 指定工作衍生的进程数(一般等于CPU的总核数或总核数的两倍，例如两个四核CPU，则总和数为8）
#error_log logs/error.log;                                    # 指定错误日志存放的路径，错误日志级别可选项为：[ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit]
#error_log logs/error.log notice;                             
#error_log logs/error.log info;                               
#pid logs/nginx.pid;                                          # 指定pid存放的路径
events {
worker_connections 1024;                                      # 允许的连接数
}
http {                                                        # 设定http服务器
include mime.types;                                           # 文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
default_type application/octet-stream;                        # 默认文件类型
#log_format main ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
# ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
# ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;                                                  # 开启高效文件传输模式,sendifile指定指定nginx是否调用sendfile函数来输出文件，对于普通段设为On,如果用来进行下载等应用IO重负载应用，可设置为off，以平衡磁盘与网络I/O处理速度，降低系统的负载。注意：如果图片显示不正常把这个改成off。
#tcp_nopush on;                                               # 防止网络阻塞

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;                                         # 长连接超时事件，单位为秒
#gzip on;                                                     # 开启gzip压缩输出
server {                                                      # 虚拟主机配置
listen 80;                                                    # 监听端口
server_name localhost;                                        # 域名可以有多个，用空格隔开
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;                        # 设置单个虚拟主机访问日志

location /{
root html;
index index.html index.htm;                                   # 指定虚拟主机首页文件
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;                                    # 指定错误404的网页文件
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html    # 重定向服务器错误页面为静态页面
#
error_page 500502503504/50x.html;
location =/50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
# concurs with nginx‘s one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server                                                    # https 服务
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;                                                 # 端口
# server_name localhost;                                          # 主机名
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;                                       # 证书文件路径
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;                                   # 密钥文件路径
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}

http {
    upstream {
        ....
    }

    server {
        listen IP:PORT;
        # 虚拟主机
        location /URL {
            if...{
                ...
            }
            root "/path/to/somewhere";
            ...
         }
    }
    
    server {
         ...
    }
}