7.15Java之调用API接口传表单获取返回信息

实例

package GoogleTranslateAPI;
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import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
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import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
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/**
 * 使用HttpClient类测试翻译接口
 * @since JDK 1.8
 * @date 2021/07/15
 * @author Lucifer
 */
public class TranslateAPITest {
    //定义接口API地址
    private static final String Url = "";
    /**
     *用HttpClient类下的方法创建POST请求demo
     */
    public static void doPostForm(String url) throws IOException {
        //使用HttpClient创建客户端
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        //创建HttpPost类引用
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        /*这个httpPost既是我们的表单*/
        List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
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        //在List引用里面添加参数
        nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("trans_data","[{\"custom_index\":1," +
                "\"lang_tgt\":\"zh\"," +
                "\"trans_text\":\"HelloWorld\"}]"));
//        UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs);
//        httpPost.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity);
//        httpClient.execute(httpPost);
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        //将参数放在请求体里面传过去的
        String jsonString = JSON.toJSONString(nameValuePairs);
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonString, "UTF-8");
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        //将entity放入post请求体中
        httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
        httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;charset=utf8");
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        //响应模型
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            //由客户端执行发送Post请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            //从响应模型中获得响应实体
            HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
            //打印响应状态
            System.out.println("响应状态为:" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
            //判断
            if (responseEntity!=null){
                System.out.println("响应内容长度为:" + responseEntity.getContentLength());
                System.out.println("响应内容为:" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            //关闭资源
            try {
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                if (httpClient != null) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                    }
                }catch (Exception e){
                System.out.println(e.getMessage());
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
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    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        doPostForm(Url);
    }
}
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上面是使用了阿里封装好的类，下面根据实际的API请求过程写一个具体的请求方法

package OMSAPI;
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import org.testng.annotations.Test;
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import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
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/**
 * 测试从OMS系统找到的API
 * @since JDK 1.8
 * @date 2021/07/15
 * @author Lucifer
 */
public class OmsRealAPITest {
    /**
     * 首先分析该接口的几个关键数据
     * 1、接口地址:
     * 2、请求方式:POST
     * 3、接口请求头Content-Type:multipart/form-data--->分割线是----WebKitFormBoundaryvKoqOBacjc8vEEDj
     * 4、接口请求参数:id、name、type(图片)、lastModifiedDate、size、file(binary)
     */
    //定义换行符
    private static String newLine = "\r\n";
    //定义分隔符
    private static String BOUNDARY = "------WebKitFormBoundaryvKoqOBacjc8vEEDj";
    //定义接口地址
    private static String Url = "";
    //抓取到捕获的Cookie
    private static String Cookie = "thinkphp_show_page_trace=0|0;" +
            "_ati=9948700605832;" +
            "is_show_search=1;" +
            "users=-5PYsAYAeYYOh41Hi2idlIjgX8y1R6I1RsRb3LW-eDPstfTSSmzqgZOL43PQhRUY_K3yquAsSSIWsk40_rbAGwb-aymNgVPqbSa93YJtw_FTIWmAQj5q8_DRRduMPB1YdckZj8gPGBVo7c4uy3FkidzbcNXjf3aQ8jWPT5v_qyJQACNIcJaUFXfuOfO8sIr-hhz-AN-D2kOJGzFNP33KnwSI7Qb9zvnNGaMbCmS9JORQg6fZFvfdE8hJwY7DAzs17GvK1flYz3JtWXOZWcZ7ifZDbbo9MHT-xRO-QCstZEP2Xlp6ofwQcP6ivcbUAFSyCjsene7l4LuJYKTsoB56uPgoj6VjRCSGWl_jYLt7AO9AV79u7Y0DEd-jTXJfuH35cAdhVzU91EQdd5vEMv1k57b4F9D69pHw2ClujcTmKVkuEQPwof6Jjyh519GIfyiQjTRPXPpwVY0oXrNwTA0cRw;" +
            "think_var=zh-cn;" +
            "PHPSESSID=22d17805dc03a848a02df629ce90ce48;" +
            "thinkphp_show_page_trace=0|0";
    @Test
    public static HttpURLConnection uploadPicture(String picturepath) throws IOException {
        //使用URL类打开一个URL连接
        URL url = new URL(Url);
        //使用Http打开该连接
        HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        //设置请求方式
        httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
        //POST请求方式需要打开输入流和输出流
        httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
        httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
        //设置无缓存
        httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
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        /*开始设置请求头参数--->根据接口的请求头信息设置*/
        try {
            //设置请求头参数
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection","keep-alive");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Cookie",Cookie);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36");
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            /*制作表单*/
            //创建StringBuilder引用
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            //依据表单格式进行内容添加
            stringBuilder.append(BOUNDARY);
            stringBuilder.append(newLine);
            //加入Content-Description内容
            stringBuilder.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"id\";" + newLine + newLine +
                    "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"name\";" + newLine + newLine +
                    "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"type\";" + newLine + newLine +
                            "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"size\";" + newLine + newLine +
                    "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=" + "Hello" + newLine + newLine +
                    BOUNDARY + "--"
                    );
            //参数头设置完成加两个换行
            stringBuilder.append(newLine);
            stringBuilder.append(newLine);
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            //创建参数输出流
            OutputStream outputStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
            //将参数头的数据写入到输出流中
            outputStream.write(stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
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            /*定义数据输入流，用于读取图片*/
            //新建文件对象引用
            File file = new File(picturepath);
            DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(
                    new FileInputStream(file)
            );
            //创建缓冲区
            byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024*10];
            //首字符
            int bytes = 0;
            //每次读10KB写入输出流
            while ((bytes=dataInputStream.read(bufferOut))!=-1){
                //写入输出流
                outputStream.write(bufferOut);
            }
            //换行
            outputStream.write(newLine.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); //因为File的内容是二进制，所以需要转成比特流
            //关闭流
            dataInputStream.close();
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            //定义最后数据分隔线，即加上BOUNDARY再加上--
            //换行+分割线+
            byte[] end_data = (newLine + BOUNDARY + "--").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8); //二进制，要转成比特流
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            //写上结尾标识
            outputStream.write(end_data);
            //刷新缓冲区
            outputStream.flush();
            //关闭输出流
            outputStream.close();
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new IOException();
        }finally {
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        }
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        return httpURLConnection;
    }
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    /**
     * 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL响应
     */
    public static void getURLResponse() throws IOException {
        //使用API调用方法获得httpConnection对象引用
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                new InputStreamReader(
                        uploadPicture("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Test_Work/Test_Picture/staticPicture.jpg").getInputStream()
                )
        );
        //读取URL响应信息
        String line;
        while ((line=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
            //按行写入
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
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    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        getURLResponse();
    }
}