pip 安装和基本操作（win10）

时间：2018-06-04 22:36:18 收藏：0 阅读：3820

1. pip 安装

　　python3 以上版本自带pip ,python2 版本需要去官网下载：https://pypi.org/project/pip/ ，下载文件的格式选择“source”，即压缩包形式。
下载完成后，按快捷键 win+x , 在弹出的菜单中选择 Windows PowerShell(管理员)，打开命令行界面。
- 　　首先 , 解压缩安装包。
- 其次，在命令界面，cd + 绝对路径定位到pip 的安装文件根目录。
- 在pip安装文件根目录中，应该存在文件 setup.py, 在命令行界面输入
```
python setup.py install 
```
- 安装成功后，在命令行输入, 显示应该如下所示：
```
pip 
```

2. pip的基本操作

安装包（安装 numpy包）：
```
pip install request
```
更新包（numpy包已安装）：
```
pip install numpy --upgrade
```
查看已经安装的包的信息：(numpy包已安装)
```
pip show numpy
```
需要更详细的信息，输入：
```
pip show --files numpy
```
查看已经安装的包：
```
pip list 
```
卸载包：
```
pip uninstall numpy 
```

需要更加详细的操作，可输入：

pip --help

会显示如下：

PS C:\Users\GoFree> pip --help

Usage:
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
  config                      Manage local and global configuration.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
  completion                  A helper command used for command completion.
  help                        Show help for commands.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
                              WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
                              (a)bort).
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
                              certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don‘t periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
                              download. Implied with --no-index.
  --no-color                  Suppress colored output