Linux 系统使用 iso 镜像文件或光盘配置本地YUM 源的最简单方式
时间：2017-07-07 11:47:14
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1、分配光驱
选择本地的iso系统镜像文件，或者在光驱中放入系统安装盘。之后，在桌面可以看到RHEL-7.2-Server的光盘图标。
2、查看光驱挂载的位置
使用df -h 命令可以看到光驱或镜像文件挂载的位置。
3、修改本地yum源的配置文件
[root@rhel7 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo_bak ---备份原来的配置文件 [root@rhel7 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/cdrom.repo ---使用vi命令新建cdrom.repo，添加内容如下 [cdrom] name = cdrom baseurl = file:///run/media/root/RHEL-7.2\ Server.x86_64/ ----注意该路径不能直接用上图中显示的挂载路径，因为中间有空格，要添加反斜杠转义。 gpgcheck = 0 enable = 1 [root@rhel7 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/rhel-root 8.5G 3.1G 5.5G 36% / devtmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /dev tmpfs 1001M 192K 1001M 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 1001M 8.8M 992M 1% /run tmpfs 1001M 0 1001M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 497M 140M 358M 29% /boot tmpfs 201M 4.0K 201M 1% /run/user/42 tmpfs 201M 20K 201M 1% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0 3.8G 3.8G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2 Server.x86_64 [root@rhel7 ~]# cd /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2 Server.x86_64 bash: cd: /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2: No such file or directory [root@rhel7 ~]# cd /run/media/root/RHEL-7.2\ Server.x86_64/ [root@rhel7 RHEL-7.2 Server.x86_64]# ls addons GPL LiveOS release-notes RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release EFI images media.repo repodata TRANS.TBL EULA isolinux Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta [root@rhel7 RHEL-7.2 Server.x86_64]#
4、测试Yum源是否可用
[root@rhel7 RHEL-7.2 Server.x86_64]# yum install httpd Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-40.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-40.el7 for package: httpd-2.4.6-40.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-40.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-40.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-40.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-40.el7 will be installed ---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================ Installing: httpd x86_64 2.4.6-40.el7 cdrom 1.2 M Installing for dependencies: apr x86_64 1.4.8-3.el7 cdrom 103 k apr-util x86_64 1.5.2-6.el7 cdrom 92 k httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-40.el7 cdrom 82 k mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 cdrom 31 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages) Total download size: 1.5 M Installed size: 4.3 M Is this ok [y/d/N]:
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但是使用这种方式配置的本地YUM源的缺点是你得把ISO系统镜像一直挂载到系统里，如果你本地删除了镜像文件，则yum命令就不可用了。还有个问题就是，下次重启系统时，会自动从光驱启动到系统安装界面。
优点是配置简单、快速，想用的时候直接分配光驱，不想用时就移除，这样也不会占用存储空间。或者如果你的磁盘空间比较大，你也可以把整个光盘中的文件拷贝到系统中的某个目录下，如果修改cdrom.repo配置文件的中baseurl参数到对应目录即可。
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