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MySQL高可用方案－PXC(Percona XtraDB Cluster)环境部署详解

时间：2017-06-08 14:59:43   收藏：0   阅读：14814

MySQL高可用方案－PXC(Percona XtraDB Cluster)环境部署详解


Percona XtraDB Cluster简称PXC。Percona Xtradb Cluster的实现是在原mysql代码上通过Galera包将不同的mysql实例连接起来，实现了multi-master的集群架构。
下图中有三个实例，组成了一个集群，而这三个节点与普通的主从架构不同，它们都可以作为主节点，三个节点是对等的，这种一般称为multi-master架构，当有客户端要写入或者读取数据时，随便连接哪个实例都是一样的，读到的数据是相同的，写入某一个节点之后，集群自己会将新数据同步到其它节点上面，这种架构不共享任何数据，是一种高冗余架构。

技术分享
此方案无法解决较大MySQL数据场景的数据保存问题，即不能实现分库分表，但是提供了一个高冗余的环境，适合于业务不是很大但是要求数据绝对安全的环境。

Percona XtraDBCluster提供的特性有：

1.同步复制，事务要么在所有节点提交或不提交。
2.多主复制，可以在任意节点进行写操作。
3.在从服务器上并行应用事件，真正意义上的并行复制。
4.节点自动配置。
5.数据一致性，不再是异步复制。

 

Percona XtraDBCluster完全兼容MySQL和Percona Server，表现在：
1.数据的兼容性
2.应用程序的兼容性：无需更改应用程序


集群特点：
a.集群是有节点组成的，推荐配置至少3个节点，但是也可以运行在2个节点上。
b.每个节点都是普通的mysql/percona服务器，可以将现有的数据库服务器组成集群，反之，也可以将集群拆分成单独的服务器。
c.每个节点都包含完整的数据副本。

优点如下：

1.当执行一个查询时，在本地节点上执行。因为所有数据都在本地，无需远程访问。
2.无需集中管理。可以在任何时间点失去任何节点，但是集群将照常工作。
3.良好的读负载扩展，任意节点都可以查询。
缺点如下：
1.加入新节点，开销大。需要复制完整的数据。
2.不能有效的解决写缩放问题，所有的写操作都将发生在所有节点上。
3.有多少个节点就有多少重复的数据。

Percona XtraDB Cluster与MySQL Replication区别在于：
分布式系统的CAP理论：
C— 一致性，所有节点的数据一致；
A— 可用性，一个或多个节点失效，不影响服务请求；
P— 分区容忍性，节点间的连接失效，仍然可以处理请求；
任何一个分布式系统，需要满足这三个中的两个。

MySQLReplication: 可用性和分区容忍性；
Percona XtraDBCluster: 一致性和可用性。
因此MySQL Replication并不保证数据的一致性，而Percona XtraDB Cluster提供数据一致性

下面，开始安装PXC 5.7.18

一、环境说明

技术分享

IP地址 角色 系统 主机名
192.168.3.12 pxc01 CentOS6.5 master
192.168.3.13 pxc02 CentOS6.5 slave01
192.168.3.198 pxc03 CentOS6.5 slave02

二、安装 Percona-XtraDB-Cluster

1、下载依赖包percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm到各节点
下载地址：https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/
安装：

# yum localinstall -y percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 

2、下载Percona-XtraDB-Cluster并上传到各节点
下载地址：https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-LATEST/

安装包列表：
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-client-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-server-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-shared-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

yum localinstall自动解决依赖关系并进行安装

# yum localinstall Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm

 

3、所有节点创建mysql组和用户

# groupadd mysql 
# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

 

4、创建相关目录

# mkdir /data/mysql/{data,logs,tmp} -p
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data

 

5、配置my.cnf文件
将/etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf拷贝到/etc/my.cnf

# cp /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf /etc/my.cnf

 

编辑my.cnf
第一节点 pxc01

[mysqld]
user=mysql
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
datadir = /data/mysql/data
port = 3306
server_id = 12
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log
log_warnings = 2
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log
long_query_time = 0.1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so

# Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes
#If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created,
#in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198

# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW

# MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support
default_storage_engine=InnoDB

# Slave thread to use
wsrep_slave_threads= 8

wsrep_log_conflicts

# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

# Node IP address
wsrep_node_address=192.168.3.12
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=my-pxc-cluster

#If wsrep_node_name is not specified, then system hostname will be used
wsrep_node_name=pxc01

#pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER
pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING

# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2

#Authentication for SST method
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:sstuser"

 

第二节点 pxc02
注意修改 server_id 、wsrep_node_name 、 wsrep_node_address

[mysqld]
user=mysql
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
datadir = /data/mysql/data
port = 3306
server_id = 13
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log
log_warnings = 2
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log
long_query_time = 0.1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so

# Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes
#If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created,
#in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198

# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW

# MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support
default_storage_engine=InnoDB

# Slave thread to use
wsrep_slave_threads= 8

wsrep_log_conflicts

# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

# Node IP address
wsrep_node_address=192.168.3.13
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=my-pxc-cluster

#If wsrep_node_name is not specified, then system hostname will be used
wsrep_node_name=pxc02

#pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER
pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING

# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2

#Authentication for SST method
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:sstuser"

 

第三节点 pxc03
注意修改 server_id 、wsrep_node_name 、 wsrep_node_address

[mysqld]
user=mysql
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
datadir = /data/mysql/data
port = 3306
server_id = 198
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log
log_warnings = 2
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log
long_query_time = 0.1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so

# Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes
#If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created,
#in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198

# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW

# MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support
default_storage_engine=InnoDB

# Slave thread to use
wsrep_slave_threads= 8

wsrep_log_conflicts

# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

# Node IP address
wsrep_node_address=192.168.3.198
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=my-pxc-cluster

#If wsrep_node_name is not specified, then system hostname will be used
wsrep_node_name=pxc03

#pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER
pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING

# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2

#Authentication for SST method
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:sstuser

 

三、启动PXC

1、启动第一节点

[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql bootstrap-pxc
Bootstrapping PXC (Percona XtraDB Cluster)Initializing MySQ[ OK ]se: 
Starting MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster)....................[ OK ]

 

查看进程和端口是否启动

[root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 27910 1 0 10:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql/data --pid-file=/data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid --wsrep-new-cluster
mysql 28347 27910 22 10:21 pts/2 00:00:23 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/data/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --wsrep-provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so --wsrep-new-cluster --log-error=/data/mysql/logs/error.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock --port=3306 --wsrep_start_position=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:-1

 

[root@master mysql]# ss -tnlp|grep 4567
LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* users:(("mysqld",28347,11))

查看错误日志信息

[root@master mysql]# tail -f logs/error.log

2017-06-07T02:21:30.794514Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Node 04b5f0f9 state primary
2017-06-07T02:21:30.794674Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Current view of cluster as seen by this node
view (view_id(PRIM,04b5f0f9,1)
memb {
04b5f0f9,0
}
joined {
}
left {
}
partitioned {
}
)
2017-06-07T02:21:30.794745Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Save the discovered primary-component to disk
2017-06-07T02:21:30.794882Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr without UUID: tcp://192.168.3.12:4567
2017-06-07T02:21:30.794926Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr proto entry 0x7f16aefcfcc0
2017-06-07T02:21:30.794988Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr without UUID: tcp://192.168.3.13:4567
2017-06-07T02:21:30.795028Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr proto entry 0x7f16aefcff00
2017-06-07T02:21:30.795060Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr without UUID: tcp://192.168.3.198:4567
2017-06-07T02:21:30.795098Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr proto entry 0x7f16aefcffc0
2017-06-07T02:21:30.795158Z 0 [Note] WSREP: gcomm: connected
2017-06-07T02:21:30.795328Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Shifting CLOSED -> OPEN (TO: 0)
2017-06-07T02:21:30.797700Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Waiting for SST/IST to complete.
2017-06-07T02:21:31.391420Z 0 [Note] WSREP: New COMPONENT: primary = yes, bootstrap = no, my_idx = 0, memb_num = 1
2017-06-07T02:21:32.020639Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Starting new group from scratch: 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021473Z 0 [Note] WSREP: STATE_EXCHANGE: sent state UUID: 0571c6e9-4b28-11e7-b20d-5a8bf004e006
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021523Z 0 [Note] WSREP: STATE EXCHANGE: sent state msg: 0571c6e9-4b28-11e7-b20d-5a8bf004e006
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021547Z 0 [Note] WSREP: STATE EXCHANGE: got state msg: 0571c6e9-4b28-11e7-b20d-5a8bf004e006 from 0 (pxc01)
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021571Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Quorum results:
version = 4,
component = PRIMARY,
conf_id = 0,
members = 1/1 (primary/total),
act_id = 0,
last_appl. = -1,
protocols = 0/7/3 (gcs/repl/appl),
group UUID = 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021599Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Flow-control interval: [100, 100]
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021615Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Restored state OPEN -> JOINED (0)
2017-06-07T02:21:32.021976Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Member 0.0 (pxc01) synced with group.
2017-06-07T02:21:32.022019Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Shifting JOINED -> SYNCED (TO: 0)
2017-06-07T02:21:32.022101Z 2 [Note] WSREP: New cluster view: global state: 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60:0, view# 1: Primary, number of nodes: 1, my index: 0, protocol version 3
2017-06-07T02:21:32.023374Z 0 [Note] WSREP: SST complete, seqno: 0
2017-06-07T02:21:32.535748Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available
2017-06-07T02:21:32.535815Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2017-06-07T02:21:32.535826Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2017-06-07T02:21:32.535832Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __sync_synchronize() is used for memory barrier
2017-06-07T02:21:32.535837Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2017-06-07T02:21:32.535842Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2017-06-07T02:21:32.536865Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2017-06-07T02:21:32.536999Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-06-07T02:21:33.194918Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 1G, instances = 8, chunk size = 128M
2017-06-07T02:21:41.225447Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-06-07T02:21:45.228192Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: If the mysqld execution user is authorized, page cleaner thread priority can be changed. See the man page of setpriority().
2017-06-07T02:21:45.554968Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Crash recovery did not find the parallel doublewrite buffer at /data/mysql/data/xb_doublewrite
2017-06-07T02:21:45.556158Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2017-06-07T02:21:47.397187Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Created parallel doublewrite buffer at /data/mysql/data/xb_doublewrite, size 31457280 bytes
2017-06-07T02:21:47.700377Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
2017-06-07T02:21:47.700541Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ‘./ibtmp1‘ size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
2017-06-07T02:21:48.413452Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File ‘./ibtmp1‘ size is now 12 MB.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.414626Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.414664Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.416853Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-06-07T02:21:48.468115Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Percona XtraDB (http://www.percona.com) 5.7.18-15 started; log sequence number 2542677
2017-06-07T02:21:48.468456Z 0 [Note] Plugin ‘FEDERATED‘ is disabled.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.468710Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /data/mysql/data/ib_buffer_pool
2017-06-07T02:21:48.472685Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 170607 10:21:48
2017-06-07T02:21:48.477798Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.477886Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of SSL certificates as certificate files are present in data directory.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.515627Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.544887Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.545210Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): ‘*‘; port: 3306
2017-06-07T02:21:48.545499Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.545557Z 0 [Note] - ‘::‘ resolves to ‘::‘;
2017-06-07T02:21:48.545717Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: ‘::‘.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.611502Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2017-06-07T02:21:48.651338Z 2 [Note] WSREP: Initialized wsrep sidno 2
2017-06-07T02:21:48.651403Z 2 [Note] WSREP: wsrep_notify_cmd is not defined, skipping notification.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.651443Z 2 [Note] WSREP: REPL Protocols: 7 (3, 2)
2017-06-07T02:21:48.651455Z 2 [Note] WSREP: Assign initial position for certification: 0, protocol version: 3
2017-06-07T02:21:48.651862Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Service thread queue flushed.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.765979Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: ‘5.7.18-15-57‘ socket: ‘/data/mysql/mysql.sock‘ port: 3306 Percona XtraDB Cluster (GPL), Release rel15, Revision 7693d6e, WSREP version 29.20, wsrep_29.20
2017-06-07T02:21:48.766032Z 0 [Note] Executing ‘SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;‘ to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option ‘--disable-partition-engine-check‘ to skip this check. 
2017-06-07T02:21:48.766043Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2017-06-07T02:21:48.766034Z 2 [Note] WSREP: GCache history reset: old(00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:0) -> new(05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60:0)
2017-06-07T02:21:48.767985Z 2 [Note] WSREP: Synchronized with group, ready for connections
2017-06-07T02:21:48.768012Z 2 [Note] WSREP: wsrep_notify_cmd is not defined, skipping notification.
2017-06-07T02:21:48.824186Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables

 

去error.log日志搜索关键字password找到默认root密码，登录后修改密码(如果不修改密码无法进行其他sql操作)
2017-06-07T02:21:11.228127Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eu1-!5WyRw<7

修改密码：

# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -uroot -peu1-!5WyRw<7
mysql> alter user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘123456‘;

 

第一节点启动后，检查cluster的状态。
当前第一节点是Primary。

mysql> show status like ‘%wsrep%‘;
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| wsrep_local_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 |
| wsrep_protocol_version | 7 |
| wsrep_last_committed | 1 |
| wsrep_replicated | 1 |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes | 230 |
| wsrep_repl_keys | 1 |
| wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 31 |
| wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 135 |
| wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_received | 2 |
| wsrep_received_bytes | 141 |
| wsrep_local_commits | 0 |
| wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 |
| wsrep_local_replays | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_cached_downto | 1 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 100, 100 ] |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 100 |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 100 |
| wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF |
| wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 1.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_window | 1.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_window | 1.000000 |
| wsrep_local_state | 4 |
| wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced |
| wsrep_cert_index_size | 1 |
| wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 |
| wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 1590 |
| wsrep_causal_reads | 0 |
| wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_status | |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.3.12:3306 |
| wsrep_desync_count | 0 |
| wsrep_evs_delayed | |
| wsrep_evs_evict_list | |
| wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 1.8541e-05/1.8541e-05/1.8541e-05/0/1 |
| wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid | 04b5f0f9-4b28-11e7-aff6-522901b34a55 |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 1 |
| wsrep_cluster_size | 1 |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 |
| wsrep_cluster_status | Primary |
| wsrep_connected | ON |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 |
| wsrep_local_index | 0 |
| wsrep_provider_name | Galera |
| wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> |
| wsrep_provider_version | 3.20(r7e383f7) |
| wsrep_ready | ON |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

 

第一节点创建后，其他节点初始化，需要使用xtrabackup工具来备份，然后恢复。
所以，需要创建一个用户用于备份。

mysql> create user ‘sstuser‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘sstuser‘;
mysql> grant reload,lock tables,replication client,process on *.* to ‘sstuser‘@‘localhost‘;
mysql> flush privileges;

验证sstuser登录

[root@master ~]# mysql -usstuser -psstuser -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -e ‘show databases‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+

 

启动第二节点

# /etc/init.d/mysql start
确认第二节点的状态

# mysql -usstuser -psstuser -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -e ‘show status like "wsrep%"‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| wsrep_local_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 |
| wsrep_protocol_version | 7 |
| wsrep_last_committed | 4 |
| wsrep_replicated | 4 |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes | 950 |
| wsrep_repl_keys | 4 |
| wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 124 |
| wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 570 |
| wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_received | 6 |
| wsrep_received_bytes | 423 |
| wsrep_local_commits | 0 |
| wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 |
| wsrep_local_replays | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_cached_downto | 1 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 141, 141 ] |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 141 |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 141 |
| wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF |
| wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 1.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_window | 1.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_window | 1.000000 |
| wsrep_local_state | 4 |
| wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced |
| wsrep_cert_index_size | 1 |
| wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 |
| wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 2561 |
| wsrep_causal_reads | 0 |
| wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_status | |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.3.12:3306,192.168.3.13:3306 |
| wsrep_desync_count | 0 |
| wsrep_evs_delayed | |
| wsrep_evs_evict_list | |
| wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 0/0/0/0/0 |
| wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid | 04b5f0f9-4b28-11e7-aff6-522901b34a55 |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 2 |
| wsrep_cluster_size | 2 |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 |
| wsrep_cluster_status | Primary |
| wsrep_connected | ON |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 |
| wsrep_local_index | 0 |
| wsrep_provider_name | Galera |
| wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> |
| wsrep_provider_version | 3.20(r7e383f7) |
| wsrep_ready | ON |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

 

启动第三节点

# /etc/init.d/mysql start

确定状态

[root@slave02 ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -usstuser -psstuser -e ‘show status like "wsrep%"‘;
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| wsrep_local_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 |
| wsrep_protocol_version | 7 |
| wsrep_last_committed | 4 |
| wsrep_replicated | 0 |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_repl_keys | 0 |
| wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 |
| wsrep_received | 3 |
| wsrep_received_bytes | 288 |
| wsrep_local_commits | 0 |
| wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 |
| wsrep_local_replays | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_cached_downto | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 173, 173 ] |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 173 |
| wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 173 |
| wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF |
| wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_apply_window | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_commit_window | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_local_state | 4 |
| wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced |
| wsrep_cert_index_size | 0 |
| wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 |
| wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 1452 |
| wsrep_causal_reads | 0 |
| wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_status | |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 |
| wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.3.12:3306,192.168.3.13:3306,192.168.3.198:3306 |
| wsrep_desync_count | 0 |
| wsrep_evs_delayed | |
| wsrep_evs_evict_list | |
| wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 0/0/0/0/0 |
| wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid | ca7f9f30-4b2b-11e7-a0b7-e29969825862 |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 3 |
| wsrep_cluster_size | 3 |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 |
| wsrep_cluster_status | Primary |
| wsrep_connected | ON |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 |
| wsrep_local_index | 2 |
| wsrep_provider_name | Galera |
| wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> |
| wsrep_provider_version | 3.20(r7e383f7) |
| wsrep_ready | ON |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+

 


简单测试：

在pxc03上创建数据库tdoa，并在上面建表，且插入几条数据

mysql> create database tdoa charset=‘utf8mb4‘;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> use tdoa;
Database changed
mysql> create table user(id int unsigned primary key auto_increment,name varchar(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_tdoa |
+----------------+
| user |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into user(name) values(‘jack‘),(‘tom‘),(‘lily‘),(‘lucy‘);
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from user;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 3 | jack |
| 6 | tom |
| 9 | lily |
| 12 | lucy |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 3 | jack |
| 6 | tom |
| 9 | lily |
| 12 | lucy |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

分别在pxc01和pxc02上查看是否有这个表和数据，可以看到数据能够正常同步

[root@master ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -uroot -p123456 -e ‘use tdoa;show tables;select * from user;‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+----------------+
| Tables_in_tdoa |
+----------------+
| user |
+----------------+
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 3 | jack |
| 6 | tom |
| 9 | lily |
| 12 | lucy |


[root@slave01 ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -uroot -p123456 -e ‘use tdoa;show tables;select * from user;‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+----------------+
| Tables_in_tdoa |
+----------------+
| user |
+----------------+
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 3 | jack |
| 6 | tom |
| 9 | lily |
| 12 | lucy |
+----+------+

至此，PXC安装启动完毕。

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